The documents presented here cover the period from 1917 to 1953, the years when first lenin and then stalin ruled the soviet union. Nep adopted, factions and opposition parties banned 1922 apr. Part i the origins of stalinism blackwell publishing. Collectivization was further expected to free many peasants for industrial work in the cities and to enable the party to extend its political dominance over the remaining peasantry. Joseph vissarionovich stalin born ioseb besarionis dz djugashvili. A very detailed history of stalins ascent to absolute power and his consolidation of an autocratic nationalbolshevik regime.
Stalin periodwithout our realizing that there has been a basic shift in interpretative ground as, in analyzing the whole stalin period, we move from one totalitarian model to th2 e other. Socialist realist art, that is, the art of the stalin era that succeeded the avantgarde in the 1930s, has thus far met a different fate. Stalinism is the means of governing and related policies implemented from 1927 to 1953 by joseph stalin 18781953. By wresting political power for himself, the jew casts off the few remaining shreds of disguise he still wears. Stalin focused particular hostility on the wealthier peasants, or kulaks. Soviet state security official,served as director of the nkvd, the soviet unions stalin era security and intelligence agency, from 1934 to 1936. In 1929 stalin plunged soviet russia into a coercive revolution from above, a decadelong effort to amass militaryindustrial power for a new war. The democratic plebeian jew turns into the blood jew and the tyrant of peoples. Power aquired by stalin as general secretary and by taking on jobs that others didnt want, as well as being part of the orgburo. He served as the general secretary of the central committee of the communist party of the soviet union from 1922 until his death in 1953. Stalins willing executioners jews as a hostile elite in the ussr the jewish century yuri slezkine princeton, nj.
In november 1927, joseph stalin launched his revolution from above by setting two extraordinary goals for soviet domestic policy. Stalins aims and overview the extent to which it was achieved. Jv stalin the october revolution and the tactics of the russian communists 4 one of the specific features of the october revolution is the fact that this revolution represents a classic application of lenins theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat. In the stalinist formulation the revolution from above of the 1930s. Paradoxes of power, 18781928 is the first volume in a three volume series of tomes on the life of the soviet dictator iosef soso jugashvili a. Robert service paints a picture of a warped monster of a man, insatiable in his pursuit of power, ruthless in his treatment of real and imagined rivals, remorseless in his murder of millions. This chapter provides a wideranging introduction to the most recent historiographical interpretations of stalins personality, his rise to power and his role in the revolution from above, the great terror, the second world war, and the high stalinism of the years 194553. The russian revolution from above, 19281941 kindle edition by tucker, robert c download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. His aims were to erase all traces of the capitalism that had entered under the new economic policy and to transform the soviet union as quickly as possible, without regard to cost, into an. Appointed by joseph stalin, yagoda supervised the arrest, show trial, and execution of the old bolsheviks lev kamenev and grigory zinoviev, events that manifested the beginnings of the great purge. In a passionate speech to industrial managers on 4 february 1931 stalin defended the ambitious targets of the five year plan there are no fortresses the bolsheviks cannot capture and pointed to the failures of management as the only obstacle. Stalin s rise, and the reasons why he was able to become the dominant leader of the soviet union a position he held from 1928 until his death in 1953. Lenins rule lasted from the bolshevik revolution of 7 november 1917, through his death on 21 january 1924, and then stalin progressively consolidated his power, winning out in a power struggle with rival bolshevik leaders such as.
Gave him the power to control party membership and expel or purge anyone deemed unreliable. Used political power to build the type of society that marx had thought was a precondition to socialism b. Stalins revolution from above a stalins goals i they had. Generally well researched, authoritative in its scholarship and treatment of available primary sources, this book provides a gripping narrative of how the lenininspired soviet regime of the october revolution was radically transformed by stalin, in a deep and ruthless. It outlines stalins reasons for collectivisation and industrialisation and the way in which they were implemented. Stalin began his bid for power in earnest, the bolshevik regime was already more than six years old.
It makes interesting comparisons between stalin, lenin, bukharin and trotsky, and explains a great deal about the mindset of those brought up in the stalinist era, and about the eras many key problems, including the industrial revolution from above, socialist cultural policy, soviet treatment of nationalities, prewar and cold war foreign. What methods and conditions did stalin use to gain power. Joseph stalin was a georgian born student radical who became a member and eventually a leader of the bolshevik faction of the russian social democratic labour party. The rise of iosif stalin to total power over the communist party and over society as a whole saw a renewed drive to subjugate religious practice. First, russia had to be strong internally and should defer efforts for an international communist revolution. She tells a gripping story of a marxist revolution that was intended to transform the world, visited enormous suffering on the russian people, and, like the french. Services innovation is to reveal stalins frailtyabove all. They had total political power, so they tried to fastforward the socioeconomic development that was lagging behind the political development according to the marxist view ii. Tucker is best remembered as a biographer of joseph stalin and as an analyst of the soviet political system, which he saw as dynamic rather than unchanging. It contends that a warrevolution model is the best way of understanding stalins modus operandi. The revolution from above 19281941 new york, 1990 michal reiman, the birth of stalinism. In his prerevolutionary career stalin had been a komitetchik. Assess the methods used by stalin to maintain power.
As in stalin as revolutionary, tucker adopts a psychological approach to. Set in the 1930s amid the show trials, with an abiding obssession with trotsky. Stalinist policies and ideas that were developed in the soviet union included rapid industrialization, the theory of socialism in one country, a totalitarian state, collectivization of agriculture, a cult of personality and subordination of the interests of foreign communist. Pdf the russian revolution download full pdf book download. A very detailed history of stalin s ascent to absolute power and his consolidation of an autocratic nationalbolshevik regime. Stalin s rise to power and the subsequent introduction of his new industrially based five year economic plans in 1928 can be defined as a revolution from above. Stalins policy of stateorganized industrialization turned his country into a industrial and military power second only to the usa. Joseph stalin 1 18791953 joseph stalin, infamous for his campaigns of terror, was totalitarian dictator of the ussr from 1941 until his death in 1953. Stalins rise to power and the subsequent introduction of his new industrially based five year economic plans in 1928 can be defined as a revolution from above. Referred to as the second revolution or revolution from above it attempted to modernise the economy through collectivisation and industrialisation wanted to catch up and then overtake advanced economies of.
In marked contrast, at exactly the same time mao was fighting not just to gain leadership of the chinese communist party ccp, but also to bring it to power in the country as a whole a battle which would take a further 25 years of instability. This chapter will cover stalins rise to power and how he was able to consolidate his control of the ussr both before and after world war ii. The struggle for power after lenins death turned local organisations against inner party. Generally well researched, authoritative in its scholarship and treatment of available primary sources, this book provides a gripping narrative of how the lenininspired soviet regime of the october revolution was radically transformed by stalin, in a deep. A key element was the enactment of the law on religious associations in april 1929. Challenging the claim that workers supported stalins revolution from above as well as the assumption that workingclass opposition to a workers state was impossible, jeffrey rossman shows how a crucial segment of the soviet population opposed the authorities during the critical industrializing period of the first fiveyear plan. Joseph stalin was more of a realist and believed in socialism in one country. In a few years he will try to exterminate the national pillars of intelligence and, by robbing the peoples of their. The autobiography of joseph stalin richard louries novel published in 1999 which portrays stalin rise to power from his own point of view. Stalinist policies and ideas that were developed in the soviet union included rapid industrialization, the theory of socialism in one country, a totalitarian state, collectivization of agriculture, a cult of personality and subordination of the interests of foreign.
The revolution from above, 19281941, norton, new york, 1990. His aims were to erase all traces of the capitalism that had entered under the new economic policy and to transform the soviet union as quickly as possible, without regard to. Pdf stalin ebooks includes pdf, epub and kindle version. During the consolidation period between 1923 and 1939, he successfully industrialised russia to such an extent that he had taken the nation from a backward, essentially peasant based. Starting with an overview of the roots of the revolution, fitzpatrick takes the story from 1917, through stalins revolution from above, to the great purges of the 1930s. A woman is flanked by portraits of soviet leader joseph stalin and russian revolutionary vladimir lenin as the russian communist party rallies to mark the centenary of the 1917 bolshevik revolution. Challenging the claim that workers supported stalin s revolution from above as well as the assumption that workingclass opposition to a workers state was impossible, jeffrey rossman shows how a crucial segment of the soviet population opposed the authorities during the critical industrializing period of the first fiveyear plan.
Starting with an overview of the roots of the revolution, fitzpatrick takes the story from 1917, through stalin s revolution from above, to the great purges of the 1930s. Stalin the october revolution and the tactics of the. Western scholars have labeled the period of the first fiveyear plan the third revolution, but their descriptions of that revolution have. On november 7, 1927, during the official, celebration of the tenth anniversary of the october revolution, trotsky and zinoviev.
Some comrades believe that this theory is a purely revolution. To what extent was the rise to power of stalin due to personal appeal and ability. He believes that his subject lived with the fiction of an idealized stalinrevolutionary hero, true successor to lenin, etc. One of the most important leaders of the ussr during the 20th century, josef stalin established the political and economic structure that remained in place until the collapse of the soviet union in 1991. In the years following the death of vladimir lenin, he rose to become dictator. Lenins rule lasted from the bolshevik revolution of 7 november 1917, through his death on 21 january 1924, and then stalin progressively consolidated his power, winning out in a power struggle with rival bolshevik leaders such as bukharin and above all trotsky. Feb 01, 2019 a woman is flanked by portraits of soviet leader joseph stalin and russian revolutionary vladimir lenin as the russian communist party rallies to mark the centenary of the 1917 bolshevik revolution. A power struggle ensued after lenins death in 1924. Socialist realist art, that is, the art of the stalin era that succeeded the avantgarde. He believes that his subject lived with the fiction of an idealized stalin revolutionary hero, true successor to lenin, etc. Soviet state security official,served as director of the nkvd, the soviet unions stalinera security and intelligence agency, from 1934 to 1936. In the second volume of his massive biography, tucker continues his combination of narrative history and inquiry into stalins psyche. Power and authority in the soviet union, 19301953 chapter pdf available january 2008 with 3,802 reads how we measure reads. The russian revolution from above, 19281941 robert c.
410 283 821 637 589 86 452 569 1307 446 1230 1158 1293 433 991 743 382 140 696 1277 1238 465 772 1397 213 1580 368 591 346 903 256 1241 1415 320 1412 1273 152 577 1251 1492 1415 72 826 1119 1451 1050